LEARNING OUTCOME AND OBJECTIVES:  Upon completion of this course, you will have increased your understanding of the causes of and the current treatments for lung cancer. Specific learning objectives to address potential knowledge gaps include:

• Discuss the epidemiology of lung cancer.
• Describe the pathophysiology of lung cancer.
• Recognize the risk factors and etiology of lung cancer.
• Explain the clinical manifestations and assessment of the patient with lung cancer.
• Comprehend the types and staging of primary lung cancer.
• Summarize the primary lung cancer treatment modalities.
• Discuss the elements of rehabilitation therapy.
• Identify the complications that can result from lung cancer.
• Explain common palliative care treatments.
• Describe survivorship and follow-up care for patients and their families.

INTRODUCTION

Lung cancer is a disease in which some cells of the respiratory system exhibit abnormal growth. These abnormal cells may then metastasize to the lymph system or to other organs such as the brain, liver, bones, adrenal glands, or the other lung.

Lung cancer includes two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung (SCLC). Non-small cell carcinoma is much more common, accounting for 84% of lung cancers, with small cell lung cancer accounting for 13% (ACS, 2020a; CDC, 2019a). In this course, all cancers that originate from the respiratory tract will be referred to as lung cancer.

Advances in diagnostic testing and screening have resulted in earlier recognition and, therefore, earlier treatment and cures of all cancers, including lung cancer. The most recent treatment modalities have improved outcomes of patients with cancer in general, but the occurrence and mortality of lung cancer persists.